UK income tax thresholds have been frozen at their 2021 levels — personal allowance at £12,570, higher-rate threshold at £50,270 — since April 2022. Chancellor Rachel Reeves extended the freeze to April 2031 at Autumn Budget 2025, now encoded in the Finance Act 2026. The OBR estimates this will extract over £55 billion per year from workers by 2030/31. No rate changed. Nobody voted on a tax rise. The money just flows.
If thresholds had risen with inflation, the personal allowance would be roughly £16,070 today, not £12,570. The higher-rate threshold would sit near £64,270, not £50,270. A worker on £35,000 currently pays nearly £4,500 in income tax. With indexed allowances, that falls to around £3,500. The gap is approximately £1,000 per year — extracted silently, every year, until 2031. 5.76 million people now pay the higher rate: a 50 percent increase since 2019.
The Law of the Trap: a system designed so the exit looks sealed before you realise you are inside it. Most people experience a pay rise as a gain. They do not calculate how much of that rise was immediately reclaimed by a threshold that did not move. Frank does not need to announce a tax hike. He just needs to keep the number frozen while the world inflates around it. The trap was built in 2021. The lock was changed in 2025. Most people are still calling it a pay rise.
